In many countries, certain uses of copyright-protected works do not infringe the copyright owner’s rights. For example, in the United States, copyright rights are limited by the doctrine of “fair use“, under which certain uses of copyrighted material for, but not limited to, criticism, commentary, news reporting, teaching, scholarship or research may be considered fair. U.S. judges determine whether a fair use defence is valid according to four factors, which we’ve listed below for educational purposes. In some other countries, there is a similar concept called “fair dealing” that may be applied differently.
Remember, it is your responsibility to understand the relevant law and whether it protects the use that you have in mind. If you plan to use copyrighted material that you didn’t create, we’d strongly advise you to take legal advice first. Google cannot provide legal advice or make legal determinations.












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